Brittle Fracture Group

The Brittle Fracture Group, which has been a part of the Institute of Physics of Materials since its foundation, has been led from the beginning by doc. Ing. Miloslav Holzmann, CSc., who has investigated the transition region of brittle fracture of steels in detail using experimental fracture mechanics. The next group leader since 1990 was prof. Ing. Ivo Dlouhý, CSc., who expanded the research area of the group to include advanced ceramic and ceramic-based composite materials, which required a complete modernization of the experimental equipment to enable research at higher temperatures under lower loads.

The original focus of the group on the characterisation of the brittle fracture behaviour of iron alloys has now been significantly extended to the development, preparation, and subsequent evaluation of the properties of metallic, ceramic, and polymeric materials and their composites. The group uses theoretical principles, numerical simulations, experimental material preparation and advanced characterization to design new materials with desired properties. Understanding the fundamental physical mechanisms of deformation and failure under various loading conditions (tension, compression, bending and shear) at temperatures from -196 °C to 1500 °C is an integral part of the research, both for materials developed at the IPM and for materials from collaborating institutions or commercial entities. Targeted research for industrial partners is also an integral part of the group's activities.

Basic research areas of the group:

Design of new materials

• Multicomponent materials (high entropy alloys, carbides, and borides, etc.)


• Heterostructure (meta)materials


• Multifunctional composites (especially based on ceramics)

Development of new materials

• Preparation of metal and ceramic materials using mechanical alloying


• Preparation of geopolymer composite materials


• Preparation of nanostructured components, for example, graphene, by exfoliation technology


• Preparation of materials by hydrothermal consolidation

Study of (micro)mechanisms and phenomena

• Deformation and fracture phenomena in the structure under different loading conditions


• Experimental and theoretical study of the initiation, growth, and interaction of twins


• Material joints and their influence on deformation and fracture processes


• Interface effects in composite materials

Experimental fracture mechanics

• Static and dynamic fracture mechanical characteristics (fracture toughness, transit curve, J-da curve, etc.)


• Transferability of fracture mechanics data obtained from small volume specimens


• Fractographic analysis of fracture surfaces (metals, ceramics, and glass)

Areas of targeted research of the group

• Failure analysis in industrial applications including the design of corrective actions


• Characterization of physical and mechanical properties at temperatures from -196°C to 1500°C


• Support in the development of material models for numerical simulations


• Design of quality control procedures and setting of their parameters

Short video presentation "Future of glass-ceramic materials"

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Yarasu V., Jurči P., Ptačinová J., Dlouhý I., Horník V.: Effect of cryogenic treatments on hardness, fracture toughness, and wear properties of vanadis 6 tool steel. Materials 17 (2024) 1688

Pazderová M., Hojna A., Hadraba H., Stratil L., Šiška F., Chocholoušek M., Bricín D., Čížek J.: Liquid lead resistance and cracking of novel 1Al-Sc-Y ODS Eurofer steel. J. Nucl. Mater. 602 (2024) 155306

Jurči P., Dlouhý I.: Cryogenic treatment of martensitic steels: microstructural fundamentals and implications for mechanical properties and wear and corrosion performance. Materials 17 (2024) 548

Matović B., Maletaškić J., Prekajski Đorđević M., Tatarko P., Hanzel O., Hičák M., Chlup Z., Cvijović-Alagić I.: Fabrication of boron carbide ceramics reinforced with silicon carbide fibers. Ceram. Int. 50 (2024) 42188-42194


Drdlík D., Sokolov I., Hadraba H., Chlup Z., Drdlíková K.: Sintering activation energies of anisotropic layered and particle alumina/zirconia-based composites and their mechanical response. Ceram. Int. 50 (2024) 37430-37440

López-Leyva A., Rosales-Lopez J., Campos-Silva I., Šulhánek P., Gogola P., Dománková M., Ptačinová J., Dlouhý I., Jurči P.: Microstructure fracture toughness relationship in a sub-zero treated 0.9C-7.8Cr sub-ledeburitic tool steel. Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. 134 (2024) 104670

Drdlík D., Mařák V., Hadraba H., Chlup Z.: A way for densification of lead-free BaTiO3-based/ZrO2 laminates for energy harvesting applications prepared by electrophoretic deposition. Mater. Lett. 355 (2024) 135424

Šiška F., Fintová S., Chlup Z., Kuběna I., Jambor M., Šulák I., Chlupová A.: Numerical analysis of plastic deformation mechanisms in polycrystaline copper under cyclic loading with different frequencies. Int. J. Fatigue 188 (2024) 108524

Friák M., Zobač O., Chlup Z., Fikar O., Papež P., Zelený M., Kroupa A.: Materials properties of defect-stabilized off-stoichiometric tau-phase Al2Ge2Mg. Intermetallics 169 (2024) 108294

de la Torre G., Tatarková M., Netriová Z., Barlog M., Bertolla L., Hnatko M., Taveri G.: Applying the alkali-activation method to encapsulate silicon nitride particles in a bioactive matrix for augmented strength and bioactivity. Materials 17 (2024) 328

Kombamuthu V., Unsal H., Chlup Z., Tatarková M., Kovalčíková A., Zhukova I., Hosseini N., Hicak M., Dlouhý I., Tatarko P.: Effect of SiC on densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of high entropy diboride (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Nb0.2Ta0.2)B2. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 44 (2024) 5358-5369

Drdlík D., Mařák V., Klement R., Tofel P., Drdlíková K., Hadraba H., Chlup Z.: Basic microstructural, mechanical, electrical and optical characterisation of BaTiAl6O12 ceramics. BOLETIN DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CERAMICA Y VIDRIO 63 (2024) 368-376

Trunec M., Šťastný P., Kaštyl J., Roupcová P., Chlup Z.: 2Y-TZP ceramics with high strength and toughness by optimizing the microstructure. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 44 (2024) 3258-3266

Šiška Virágová E., Novotná L., Chlup Z., Šťastný P., Sarfy P., Cihlář J., Kucirek M., Benak L., Streit L., Kocanda J., Sklensky J., Filipovic M., Repko M., Hampl A., Koutna I., Částková K.: Porous silica-doped calcium phosphate scaffolds prepared via in-situ foaming method. Ceram. Int. 50 (2024) 41215-41227

Roth J., Šulák I., Chlup Z., Fischer-Bühner J., Krupp U., Jahns K.: The dispersion-strengthening effect of TiN evoked by in situ nitridation of NiCu-based alloy 400 during gas atomization for laser powder bed fusion. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 893 (2024) 146129

Hadraba H., Stratil L., Šiška F., Chlup Z., Čížek J., Jambor M., Bertolla L.: Grain size manipulation of the Eurofer steel via mechanical alloying. J. Mater. Sci. 59 (2024) 11546-11558


Fintová S., Kuběna I., Chlupová A., Šulák I., Chlup Z., Trško L., Polák J.: Very high frequency induced fatigue damage. Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. 133 (2024) 104590

Samy V., Brasche F., Šulák I., Verma B., Nowak B., Chlup Z., Záležák T., Schleifenbaum J., Krupp U., Haase C.: The influence of microstructural heterogeneities on high-temperature mechanical properties of additively manufactured y´-forming Ni-based alloys. Additive Manufacturing 88 (2024) 104267

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Man J., Blinn B., Šulák I., Kuběna I., Smaga M., Chlup Z., Kruml T., Beck T., Polák J.: Formation of deformation induced martensite in fatigued 316L steels manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM). Procedia Struct. Integr. 43 (2023) 203-208

Milyutin V., Bureš R., Faberová M., Birčáková Z., Shishkin D., Roupcová P., Hadraba H., Kollar P., Fuzer J., Phuong D.: Multi-component soft magnetic alloy FeNiCoAl0.4Mo0.1Si0.4B0.1 with high frequency stability of permeability. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 293 (2023) 116485

Chlup Z., Drdlík D., Hadraba H., Ševeček O., Šiška F., Erhart J., Maca K.: Temperature effect on elastic and fracture behaviour of lead-free piezoceramic BaTiO3. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 43 (2023) 1509-1522

Schlacher J., Chlup Z., Hofer A., Bermejo R.: High-temperature fracture behaviour of layered alumina ceramics with textured microstructure. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 43 (2023) 2917-2927

Hadzhieva Z., Cholewa-Kowalska K., Dlouhý I., Moskalewicz ., Boccaccini A.: Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of zein/bioactive glass composite coatings doped with F and Cu on titanium for biomedical applications. Mater. Lett. 351 (2023) 135066

Šťastný P., Chlup Z., Hlinican J., Kaštyl J., Trunec M.: Effect of cyclic loading on the microstructure of thin zirconia tapes. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 43 (2023) 4498-4505

Janů L., Dvořáková E., Polášková K., Buchtelová M., Ryšánek P., Chlup Z., Kruml T., Galmiz O., Nečas D., Zajíčková L.: Enhanced adhesion of electrospun polycaprolactone nanofibers to plasma-modified polypropylene fabric. Polymers 15 (2023) 1686

Čížek J., Klečka J., Babka L., Mušálek R., Hadraba H., Kondas J., Singh R., Pazderová M.: Protective Mo and Fe coatings by CS and RF-ICP for PbLi coolant environments in generation IV fission reactors. J. Thermal Spray Technol. 32 (2023) 363-374

Macková A., Havránek V., Mikšová R., Fernandes S., Matějíček J., Hadraba H., Vilémová M., Liedke M., Martan J., Vronka M., Haušild P., Butterling M., Honnerová P., Attalah A., Wagner A., Lukáč F.: Radiation damage evolution in high entropy alloys (HEAs) caused by 3-5 MeV Au and 5 MeV Cu ions in a broad range of dpa in connection to mechanical properties and internal morphology. Nucl. Mater. Energy 37 (2023) 101510

Šiška F., Stratil L., Chlup Z., Kotoulova H., Machů Z.: Poisson´s ratio reduction by geometrical patterns implemented in solid composites. MRS Commun. 13 (2023) 486-491

Hojna A., Pazderová M., Rozumová L., Vít J., Hadraba H., Stratil L., Čížek J.: Performance of Sc-Y-ODS variant of Eurofer steel in stagnant PbLi at 600°C. J. Nucl. Mater. 575 (2023) 154227

Šmíd M., Koutný D., Neumannová K., Chlup Z., Náhlík L., Jambor M.: Cyclic behaviour and microstructural evolution of metastable austenitic stainless steel 304L produced by laser powder bed fusion. Additive Manufacturing 68 (2023) 103503

Neuberger H., Hernandez F., Rieth M., Bonnekoh C., Stratil L., Dlouhý I., Dymáček P., Müller O., Adler L., Kunert U.: Cold Spray metal powder deposition with 9 %Cr-steel applied for the HCPB First Wall fabrication: Proof of concept and options for ODS steel processing. Nucl. Mater. Energy 35 (2023) 101427

Papež P., Zelený M., Friák M., Dlouhý I.: The effect of spin-polarization, atomic ordering and charge transfer on the stability of CoCrNi medium entropy alloy. Mater. Chem. Phys. 304 (2023) 127783

Masaryková N., Tkadlec E., Chlup Z., Vrbský J., Brysová A., Černochová P., Izakovicová Hollá L.: Comparison of microleakage under orthodontic brackets bonded with five different adhesive systems: in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 23 (2023) 637


Šiška F., Drozdenko D., Máthis K., Čížek J., Guo T., Barnett M.: Three-dimensional crystal plasticity and HR-EBSD analysis of the local stress-strain fields induced during twin propagation and thickening in magnesium alloys. J. Magnes. Alloys 11 (2023) 657-670

Kotrechko S., Kozák V., Zatsarna O., Zimina G., Stetsenko N., Dlouhý I.: Micromechanical aspects of the effect of temperature and local strain magnitude on the fracture toughness of ferrite steels. Procedia Struct. Integr. 43 (2023) 228-233

Fintová S., Kunz L., Chlup Z., Kuběna I., Mertová K., Hradil D., Duchek M.: Grain refinement effect on fatigue life of two grades of commercially pure titanium. Int. J. Fatigue 176 (2023) 107883

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Novotná L., Chlup Z., Jaros J., Částková K., Drdlík D., Pospisil J., Hampl A., Koutna I., Cihlář J.: Macroporous bioceramic scaffolds based on tricalcium phosphates reinforced with silica: microstructural, mechanical, and biological evaluation. J. Asian Ceram. Soc. 10 (2022) 356-369

Tinoco Navarro H., Fintová S., Heikkita I., Herrero D., Vuoristo T., Dlouhý I., Hutař P.: Experimental and numerical study of micromechanical damage induced by MnS-based inclusions. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 856 (2022) 144009

Hadraba H., Chlup Z., Čížek J., Kuběna I.: 9Cr-1W steel strengthened by AlN and BN dispersion. J. Mater. Sci. 57 (2022) 12572-12584

Kaštyl J., Šťastný P., Chlup Z., Song L., Scasnovic E., Trunec M.: Gelcast zirconia ceramics for dental applications combining high strength and high translucency. J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 105 (2022) 3909-3924

Vražina T., Šulák I., Poloprudský J., Zábranský K., Gejdoš P., Hadraba H., Čelko L.: Influence of the deposition parameters on microstructure and properties of HVOFsprayed WC-CRC-Ni coating. METAL 2022 Conf. Proc. - (2022) 487-492

Šiška F., Hadraba H., Stratil L., Fintová S., Kuběna I.: Effects of grains´ morphology on strengthening mechanisms in ODM401 14Cr ODS steel at high temperatures. Mater. Sci. Eng. A 852 (2022) 143663

Jurči P., Ptačinová J., Dlouhý I.: Fracture Micro Mechanism of Cryogenically Treated Ledeburitic Tool Steel. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering (2022) 67-84

Moravčík I., Zelený M., Dlouhý A., Hadraba H., Moravčíková-Goueva L., Papež P., Fikar O., Dlouhý I., Raabe D., Li Z.: Impact of interstitial elements on the stacking fault energy of an equiatomic CoCrNi medium entropy alloy: theory and experiments. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 23 (2022) 376-392

Dobeš F., Hadraba H., Chlup Z., Matějíček J.: Different Types of Particle Effects in Creep Tests of CoCrFeNiMn High-Entropy Alloy. Materials 15 (2022) 7363

Chlup Z., Černý M., Strachota A., Rýglová Š., Schweigstillová J., Svítilová J., Trško L., Hadzima B.: Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on the Behaviour of Environmentally Friendly Hybrid Basalt Fibre Reinforced Composites. Appl. Composite Mater. 29 (2022) 829-843


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